Mitochondria and Your Fertility

The Mighty Mitochondria

Mitochondria, the tiny power stations within our cells, play a critical role in energy production and maintaining cellular health. However, abnormal functioning of these vital cells can have far-reaching implications, especially for fertility. Ultimately, how strong, active and happy we can be depends significantly on how well these cells work. (Read how you can use red light therapy to improve reproductive organ functioning.

Most of the energy we get to spend is provided by mitochondria, minuscule living structures sitting inside our cells or dispatched back and forth within them to where they are needed. Mitochondria produce energy by burning down what remains of our meal after we have digested it, but at the cost of constantly corroding themselves and us - Kramer et al., (2017)

What are Mitochondria?

Mitochondria are often referred to as the "powerhouses" of our cells because they are responsible for producing energy from digested food (ATP )—a chemical that cells use as fuel—and heat. But they do a LOT more including regulating ROS (special cells that damage organs when left uncontrolled). To produce energy, mitochondria burn down digested food with the help of the oxygen we inhale. Then they dump several waste products: carbon dioxide (which eventually we can exhale), water (which eventually we can pee out), and free radicals. Mitochondria are especially abundant in your brain cells and are involved in many important biological processes in the brain. These powerhouses are crucial for egg development, fertilization, and embryo development. Dysfunctional mitochondria can lead to increased oxidative stress, which may negatively impact reproductive health. Oxidative stress can affect the quality of eggs and sperm, potentially delaying successful conception.

Frontiers in Physiology

Messed up Mitochondria and Women's Health:

Fertility: Dysfunctional mitochondria have been linked to reproductive issues in women, including infertility. When the mitochondria fail to provide enough energy to support egg development and fertilization, it can put the brakes on conception. Mitochondrial dysfunction also plays a part in male factor fertility issues.

Menstrual Irregularities: Mitochondrial dysfunction can disrupt hormonal signaling and cellular processes involved in the menstrual cycle, leading to irregular periods and menstrual abnormalities.

Pregnancy Complications: Inadequate mitochondrial function during pregnancy can increase the risk of complications such as gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia, and premature birth.

Hormonal Imbalances: Mitochondrial dysregulation may contribute to hormonal imbalances, affecting mood, metabolism, and overall well-being in women.

Aging: As women age, mitochondrial function declines, contributing to age-related health issues. Slower ATP production and increased ROS can accelerate cellular aging and increase susceptibility to diseases.

Supporting Mitochondrial Health:

Of course genetics play a part but lifestyle factors can influence mitochondrial function positively:

Stress Management: Chronic stress can impair mitochondrial function, so incorporating mindfulness practices like meditation and yoga can be beneficial. One study by Bhasin et al. demonstrated improvements in cell functioning with only 20 minutes of meditation - even in beginners.

Nutrition: A diet rich in antioxidants, vitamins (especially B vitamins), and essential minerals supports mitochondrial health. Foods like leafy greens, nuts, seeds, and whole grains are beneficial. Supplements including (CoQ10) are also recommended. (Talk to your provider before starting new supplements).

Exercise: Regular physical activity enhances mitochondrial biogenesis, encouraging the growth and repair of healthy mitochondria. Too much intense exercise has the opposite effect.

Sleep: Prioritizing sufficient, restful sleep is crucial for cellular repair and mitochondrial function.

Mitochondrial dysregulation can affect fertility, hormonal balance, and overall well-being. They are heavily implicated in learning, memory, cognition, and virtually every mental health or neurological complication including depression. Understanding the impact of mitochondrial health and adopting a holistic approach to support it can pave the way for improved reproductive outcomes and improved health for women and partners.

Learn more about using Red Light Therapy for fertility in the links below.

How to Use Red Light Therapy for Fertility.

Is Red Light Therapy Safe for Women?